F Visa

This is strongly discouraged. Entering the US on a visitor visa with the preconceived intent to convert to student status is considered misrepresentation and may result in a permanent bar from the United States.

Due to immigration uncertainty, it is advisable to plan only one step ahead. If you pursue a PhD with CPT, select a flexible program where CPT is not rigidly bound to an immediate start. If your employment is with a multinational company, explore L-1 visa options, as they offer distinct benefits, including automatic work authorization for spouses.

This is "up in the air" and varies by case. Filing for B-1 might "dilute" the F-1 filing, and the regulations could potentially hurt the applicant later.